Intravesical instillation of Adriamycin (Doxorubicin) was carried out in 30 patients with different stages of Bladder Tumours after fulguration, Transurethral Resection or open excision of the Tumour. The result in these patients was compared retrospectively with that of 30 patients with bladder tumour who had not received intravesical Chemotherapy. In the Adrimycin group, significantly more patients showed a decrease in recurrence rate of the bladder Tumour (77%) than in the control group (20%). This study shows that the use of adjuvant chemothereapy in the form of Intravesical Adriamycin is effective in reducing tumour recurrence.

Forty-three patients who received 104 units of blood (2.4 units per patient) were prospectively followed for 6 months. Post transfusion hepatitis developed in 5(11.6%) of the patients; in 3 of them it was icteric while it was anicteric in 2. The attack rate of post-transfusion hepatitis was 48/1000 units transfused. The major risk factors for the development of post-transfusion hepatitis were the number of units of blood transfused, and the use of HBsAg positive blood. Also, the risk increased with the number of units of HBsAg positive blood given. The concentration of the aminotransferases in the donor blood, and the age and sex of the recipients had no relationship with the development of post-transfusion hepatitis. Most of post-transfusion hepatitis in our patients was related to hepatitis B virus.

Eight cases of mandibular resection across the midline and simultaneous reconstruction with autogenous bone grafts have been presented. In spite of post-operative infection, union was complete in about 8 weeks in two cases. The aesthetic, functional and psychological results of these cases were satisfactory. Immediate reconstruction of the mandible following ablation is recommended in all cases with benign lesion, whenever it is possible to do so.

Breast Cancer is the most predominant malignancy with the highest mortality rate in women. Regular periodic Breast Self-Examination (BSE) has been found to significantly reduce mobidity and mortality due to this disease. Out of a total of 476 women aged between 15 and 54 years in Enugu who were interviewed about their knowledge of breast cancer and practice of BSE, it was found that although 92% of the women knew of the disease, only 29% were aware that it commonly presents as a lump in the breast. 88% of all the women knew about BSE but only 62% out of these practice it. Out of those who practice Breast Self Examination, only 34% do it monthly or more often. The practice of BSE did not differ significantly among the various occupational groups (P> 0.05).

A total of 202 swab specimens from various types of wounds, made up of 140 from surgical wounds, 46 from ulcers and 16 from other types of wounds like lacerations and sinuses, collected over a two year period January 1993 - December 1994, at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu were reviewed for the presence of aerobic bacteria and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern. Conforms were the most predominant organisms in surgical wounds, (46.2%), while in ulcers, Proteus species were the most predominant (37.2%). There was a high incidence of multiple microbial infections, 22.7% in surgical wounds and 24.6% in ulcers. There was also a high incidence of antibiotic resistance by the isolates to commonly used antibiotics like Ampicillin, Tetracycline, Cotrimoxazole and Sulphonamide. The quinolones, Ciprofloxacin and Ofloxacin were the most sensitive antibiotics (99% sensitive respectively). There is an urgent need for the restriction of the use of broadspectrum antibiotics in the treatment of wound infections.

An analysis of the case finding information of 376 smear positive tuberculosis cases consecutively registered from January to June 1991 with the two treatment centres in Enugu State was carried out. Their case detection rate was 34%. At registration, 80% of cases were aged 15-54 years with the peak age of distribution as 25-34 years. The male to female ratio was 1.8:1 and approximately 89% of the patients were in the social classes IV and V. The average number of symptoms per patient was 4.0 with productive cough as the commonest symptom. Patients generally presented late for treatment and 90% of cases had advanced disease. Distance was not the sole determinant of the selection of the centre for treatment but also ethnic and political factors played a role. The need for proper health education of the public and health workers is emphasised.